Biggest refinary in the world

Q. Which country has the biggest petroleum refinery in the world?

India. The refinery situated at Jamnagar district in Gujarat state can fractional distillation (refine) petroleum at whooping 1,240,000 barrels per day. 

 

On production point of view, the second number goes to refinery in south Korea which can processes up to 7,00,000 barrels per day. 

Now, let's look at the Meaning and Process:

"Petroleum refinery" is the process that turns crude oil into useful products like gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, heating oil, kerosene, etc. The picture shows the refining process at Shell Oil Refinery in Martinez. Crude oil is essentially a mixture of hundreds of different hydrocarbons. 

Different hydrocarbons have different boiling points (the temperature at which they start to vaporize), some of them have low boiling point and others have high boiling point. 

First, crude oil is heated and then it is pumped into refining tower, where different hydrocarbons will start to vaporize based on their boiling point.

The petroleum refinery processes oil. It separates it into useful products. There are many different types of petroleum refineries. All of them have complex manufacturing processes. 

They have several things in common, though. All of them are very big. Each petroleum refinery process starts with oil. Oil is pumped into a refining process. 

A petroleum refinery typically takes 15,000 to 300,000 barrels of oil a day. The oil is then heated to much higher temperatures. This changes the chemical structure of the oil. This process is called distillation. 

The distillation separates the oil and gas. The gas is sent to a refinery to make chemicals and other products. The oil is sent to other parts of the refinery to make gasoline and other products. 

The oil is cleaned to remove chemicals and dirt. Then it is refined to make gasoline, diesel, heating oil, jet fuel and other petroleum products. They are cleaned again and then sold.